Here is a NASA application called Eyes on Exoplanets that allows you to explore the exoplanet database, including all the Kepler discoveries. (Requires a download and install to run.)
Here is a beautiful visual summary by astrophysicist Alex Parker of over 2,000 high-quality planet candidates identified by the Kepler Space Telescope, visualized as if they are orbiting a common parent star. This gives you a sense of the wide diversity in size and orbital characteristics.
Painted Stone, a piece by composer/astrophysicist Alex Parker. This shows 100,000 asteroids identified by the Sloan Digital Sky survey. (In Fall 2016, the number is now up to 200,000.) The so-called Trojan asteroids that lead, and lag, Jupiter by 60 degrees on its orbit are clearly visible once you get to see the whole collection of objects.
Why is this important? The asteroids might be a source of resources, and a way to fuel our exploration of space. Here’s a short video by the company Planetary Resources, which is hoping to commercialize asteroid mining. (No endorsement is implied here. The following is just a good short video explaining the ‘why’ of asteroid mining.)
Source: ESO
The European Southern Observatory (ESO) runs a set of infrared telescopes in the Atacama Desert of Chile. This array is called the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). These infrared telescopes can be configured to run like one large telescope, meaning they are capable of measuring with an angular resolution previously unavailable to astronomers. This new configuration has now resolved gaps in the protoplanetary disc of a star 450 light years away. Astronomers interpret these gaps as areas swept out by new planets. If confirmed, this would be the first such observation.
Thanks to Pablo Yanez for bringing this to my attention.